Trondheim

Photo by Jørn Adde © Trondheim kommune

Trondheim, lying by the outlet of the river Nidelva, was founded in 997 A.C. by the Viking Olav Tryggvason, famous for being the first of especially two kings Christianising Norway. Olav Tryggvason died in battle in the year 1000. The other king famous for Christianising Norway was Olav Haraldsson, Olav the Holy, who re-established the city in the 11th century after a fire. He died in battle in 1030. The cathedral in Trondheim, the Nidaros Cathedral, is the national cathedral of Norway. The church was founded already in 1070 after Christ, built on the grave of Olav the Holy, but today’s appearance comes from a fundamental rebuilding started in 1869. The Norwegian archbishop had his seat in Trondheim until the reformation.

Trondheim with Nidaros Cathedral is the reminding manifestation of who we as Norwegians are: The people around the Trondheims fjord were the first to make Olav Tryggvason a king, at Øreting. Trondheim and Nidaros Cathedral is the symbol of the people of Norway's marriage with God.

The Munkegata

Photo by Jørn Adde © Trondheim kommune

This is the street Munkegata seen from the old harbour in Trondheim called Ravnkloa (The raven’s claw). Raven like birds, like the vulture, eagles, ravens, and craws, symbolize change by the way these birds are being fed upon animals carcass and the way they thereby give this which has become dead new life by being transformed. Jesus used ravens symbolic in this way when he spoke about the end times, saying “For wheresoever the carcase is, there will the eagles be gathered together.” (Matthew, 24:28). When “The raven’s claw” is used as a name on the harbour this must have had to do with the fish being sold here, the fish marked located here being set up in 1896, and work of man coming to an end and to new life by the outcome of his heroic act fishing. Lives of fishermen put on stake on the sea for the sake of the community became a carcass at the harbour by the effort being ended, on which the raven, giving it life in another sense, might put it’s claw and feed upon. New birth to nobility was traditionally understood this way.

The photo above is taken from the seaside southwards. At the southern end of this street lies the Nidaros Cathedral. Utility, or work, and worship united, given to be seen as one as by this street, makes us – – beautiful. Along this street, which is longer than it looks like in the photo, the town square is to be found along with the royal residence in Trondheim, from old times of the military headquarters in Trondheim, and the administration of the municipality and until recently also the wide county. The court of Trondheim is also located here. In other words this street, called Munkegata, is the street of authority, the main street of Trondheim.

The sculpture set up in Ravnkloa, by Nils Aas, images “The last Viking”.

The streets Southern and Northern

Photo by Jørn Adde © Trondheim kommune

The streets of Trondheim city were drawn after a great fire in Trondheim in 1681. They were planned by the Danish-Norwegian General Johan Caspar Cicignon, born in Luxembourg. East of and next to the street Munkegata there are two parallel streets representing the heart of Trondheim. Due to traffic directed once, the one now is called Nordre (Northern) and the other one is called Søndre (Southern). Large banks in large buildings are located in “Southern” which begins by the railway station down by the channel. In the end of it we find the fire department of the city. “Northern” today is made to be a pedestrian street and is where all go shopping or walking to enjoy the atmosphere and day life of the city. So by the “Southern” we are reminded of sobriety and responsibility. And by the “Northern” we are reminded of being welcoming and joyful. Seeing being counting as to be an either – or as encouraged to by the “Northern” and the “Southern” opposed – – makes us beautiful. The word of Christ was that we should not swear, “But let your communication be, Yea, yea; Nay, nay: for whatsoever is more than these cometh of evil.” (Matthew, 5:37). The photo, taken towards south, is from the top, from the southern part, of “Northern”. The church in the background is the Vår Frue kirke, in English “Our Madam’s church” or “The Church of Our lady”. “Northern” and “Southern”, when seen together as described, picture the typical female principle regarding our relation to The Lord, where "Munkegata", the main street, pictures the typical male.

The town bridge

Photo by Jørn Adde © Trondheim kommune

The old bridge in Trondheim is Bybroa – “The town bridge”. The first bridge here was built in 1685, few years after the town fire, but today’s bridge, with the portals, dates from 1861. The bridge goes from the inner city to Bakklandet – to the realm of the city.

By the bridge an opposition is made. And something is bridged. But this particular bridge is considered to form a portal of good luck and of love, for ever documented to be the case by the text of a popular song by Oscar Hoddø called “Nidelven stille og vakker du er” from 1940 [see my translation of the song ‘here’]. On Bakklandet today cafes are located and old houses are restored, which makes a walk in the little area next to the river quite pleasant.

Bakklandet was traditionally inhabited by the labour force. To see judgement and justification given to be in one of two ways, as by the head, as pictured by the streets Nordre and Søndre in the inner city, or as by the stomach, as pictured by the Bakklandet, makes us aware of the nature of Jesus Christ being both The Son of God – being God – and The Son of man – being man. And so we are reminded of the nature of man.

The photo above is taken from the Bakklandet towards the city centre. The Nidaros cathedral is not far away from the bridge to the left.

The Bakklandet and the Møllenberg

By the old town bridge in Trondheim we are encouraged to make an opposition between observation and effectuation, between the head and the stomach, in judging and when justifying. In The Law of Moses this division is referred to in the commandments regarding which animals upon the earth we can justify by being fed upon them (Leviticus 11). The Law says the animal must chew the cud. And the animal must have split cloves. Regarding split cloves, in Trondheim, as shown, we are encouraged to make a consequent division in the way we count, in the way we observe, by the two streets “Northern” and “Southern” in the inner city. And regarding chewing the cud, there at the Bakklandet, which we can perceive as consummation as opposed to reasoning pictured by the two streets in the heart of the city, in fact is a second thoughts level given by Møllenberg, by “Mill-en-rock”, up hills from the river level. Today the two levels are even united by a bicycle lift, called Trampe, the first of it’s kind in the world. Bybrua, the portal of good luck and of love, picture, together with the Bakklandet, consummation devoutly to be wished. One might believe it or not.


Photo by Jørn Adde © Trondheim kommune

Stiftsgården

Photo by Jørn Adde © Trondheim kommune

So one see in Trondheim city the spear and the sword of God might be perceived as being illuminated. In the street going from Ravnkloa, “The raven’s claw”, to the cathedral, the cathedral by the street as if picturing the head of the sceptre, one will even find the king’s residence in Trondheim. The building is called “Stiftsgården”.

The photo above shows Stiftsgården. Stiftsgården is one of the largest wooden buildings found in Scandinavia. It was built by the wealthy widow Cecilie Christine Schøller in 1774-78, sold to the state in 1800 and thereafter used by the head of the district, called the “stift”, and it was given to the king in 1906. The reason why a residence for the king is to be found in Trondheim already from 1906 of is of course the fact the cathedral in Trondheim is the national cathedral. The year 1906 is of interest since Norway and Sweden, united since 1814, were divided and Norwegian government made sovereign in 1905. The Norwegian King was elected in 1905. Norwegian insistence upon sovereignty was, one might would like to know, provoked by the Swedish-Norwegian king’s veto against Norwegian consulates abroad independent of Swedish control. The Norwegian independence day, though, celebrated May the 17th, we celebrate in memory of the independence from Denmark in 1814. Norway was abandoned by the Danish king at that time and presented to Sweden, but the Danish prince in Norway and Norwegian men would not acknowledge this decision forced upon us by the Kiel treaty. Quickly the prince, prince Christian Frederik, ordered a general election for an assembly to make a constitution, and so we in 1814 were in the position to fight for our future as a constituted people with an elected king. The following war with Sweden was quite short, and the Swedish king acknowledged Norwegian sovereignty in the union following.

In the photo above the town square is hidden behind the trees to the right. The Ravnkloa is located behind the photographer. And the cathedral is in the end of the mentioned street, called Munkegata, to the right in the photograph.

Torvet - the town square

In the middle of the street Munkegata, in the middle of the main street of Trondheim, the town square is to be found, called Torvet. Centring the town square is a monument of Olav Tryggvason, the king who founded Trondheim in 997, made by Wilhelm Rasmussen and raised in 1921, unveiled by king Haakon at the same time as the King opened Dovrebanen, the railway from the south to Trondheim. You will find the town square in the maps. I argue that the Munkegata illustrates what we can call the typical male principle, speaking of our relation to God, where two other streets in Trondheim city, the “Northern” and the “Southern”, illustrate the typical female. The statue of Olav Tryggvason celebrates man as of God and reminds us of heroic behaviour. Olav Tryggvason was an example of Christ’s words where He said: “Verily, verily, I say unto you, Except a corn of wheat fall into the ground and die, it abideth alone: but if it die, it bringeth forth much fruit.” (John, 12:24).

Summertime one will find a small marked in the town square where fruit and vegetables, mostly from local farmers, are offered for sale. The strawberries from the Trøndelag, the counties of the middle of Norway, are highly recommendable.

Kristiansten fortress

Photo by Jørn Adde © Trondheim kommune

The photo shows Kristiansten Fortress on the hill east of the river Nidelva. The old town bridge is a hundred meters or so down the river to the left. The fortress was planned and built under General Cicignon after the town fire in 1681, in the same period of time as the inner city was rebuilt and the town bridge Bybrua was built. The hill on which the fortress is placed had before this, during Swedish invasions in 1564 and 1658, shown itself to be of vital importance not to loose control over, overlooking the city as one from this hill is. When built the fortress was not conquered the only time it was put to test, being by the Swedish invasion in 1718 which in the district was lead by the Swedish General Armfeldt.

Kristiansten Fortress is the symbol in Trondheim of defence of sovereignty and independence. During World War II, from 1940 to 45, Norwegian patriots were executed on the fortress by the Germans. And after the war and after conviction war criminals were executed on the fortress by The King of Norway, among them Major Gerhard Flesch, chief of the Gestapo in the district, and Henry Oliver Rinnan, hated for leading a gang in Trondheim torturing Norwegians suspected of resistance against the Germans.

Faith governs sovereignty and independence. And if by Christ not sovereign and independent faith is not given. Marrying and being married, taking responsibility and being recognized, there is one little thing we will not risk loosing. Kristiansten Fortress is a symbol of faith, Kristiansten meaning “Christian stone”. Faith will not be abandoned. With respect to what there is to defend we remember the words from Matthew saying: “At the same time came the disciples unto Jesus, saying, Who is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven? And Jesus called a little child unto him, and set him in the midst of them, And said, Verily I say unto you, Except ye be converted, and become as little children, ye shall not enter into the kingdom of heaven. Whosoever therefore shall humble himself as this little child, the same is greatest in the kingdom of heaven. And whoso shall receive one such little child in my name receiveth me. But whoso shall offend one of these little ones which believe in me, it were better for him that a millstone were hanged about his neck, and that he were drowned in the depth of the sea. Woe unto the world because of offences! for it must needs be that offences come; but woe to that man by whom the offence cometh!” (Matthew, 1-7)

The Tyholt tower

The second biggest tourist attraction in Trondheim is said to be the Tyholt tower, a 124 meter high broadcasting tower east of the city with a restaurant 74 meters above the ground. The floor of the restaurant is slowly rotating, so one gets a 360 degrees overview of Trondheim by every lovely hour sitting there. The view is magnificent. Sitting in the restaurant enjoying one’s coffee after a meal, letting one’s view shift as perspectives slowly and almost unnoticeably changes, reflecting upon the difference there is to watch what is going on or to see what is going on by taking part in it, we are encouraged to be reminded of Christ’s words where He says: “The light of the body is the eye: if therefore thine eye be single, thy whole body shall be full of light. But if thine eye be evil, thy whole body shall be full of darkness. If therefore the light that is in thee be darkness, how great is that darkness!” (Matthew, 6:22-23).

With all this control we have sitting there overlooking everything we might also reflect upon how it is to be a ruler, and if so be reminded of the fact we are not ourselves in the eyes of the ruler but in the eyes of Jesus Christ. Pilate said to Jesus: “Speakest thou not unto me? knowest thou not that I have power to crucify thee, and have power to release thee?” (John 19:10). Pilate wanted to give the impression he was a representative for the gods in Palestine. He wanted to have people believing they were themselves in the eyes of Pilate, in power to crucify them and in power to release them according to his divine heritage. “Jesus answered, Thou couldest have no power at all against me, except it were given thee from above: therefore he that delivered me unto thee hath the greater sin.” (John 19:11). Jesus let Pilate know Pilate himself was subjected to and responsible to God from above letting him do what he eventually did. To God he was a human being like everyone else. And the one delivering Jesus to Pilate had the greater sin forcing Pilate to choose what to do with Jesus according to the power given Pilate, setting Pilate in a dilemma.

What Jesus said to Pilate illustrates what today is called The Principle of Legacy. We are not our selves in the eyes of the ruler, but in the eyes of God, of Jesus Christ. After Christ we obey the laws given by the ruler, the laws given in the name of the ruler, and we are not worrying about the mind of the ruler, his view upon us.

Knowledge and belief

Photo by Jørn Adde © Trondheim kommune

The photo shows the old building of the Norwegian Institute of Technology. The red building is the Samfundet, in English “The Society”, the cultural place of meeting for students. The only higher technological education in the country was established in Trondheim in 1910, after a decision to build and create an institution of higher technological education in Trondheim was made in the Parliament in 1900. Today education to be a graduate engineer can also be taken elsewhere in Norway, but due to the expertise gathered in Trondheim, and due to the technological concerns established in Trondheim, one until now has looked upon Trondheim as the technological capital city of Norway. When in 1996 the mentioned institution was united with the university of Trondheim one even called the new university The Norwegian University of Science and Technology.

So in Trondheim one will find the national cathedral. And Trondheim is often announced being the technological capital in Norway. And so we are reminded of a dilemma – or a cross, given by the conflict in believing in what our senses tell us or believing in what we grasp; the conflict of basing our lives on the know-how related to the doctrine of evolution or on the wisdom presented in The story of the creation; the conflict living by knowledge or by belief in God’s eternal plan. In that respect we remember the words of Jesus when visiting Martha and Maria: “Now it came to pass, as they went, that he [Jesus] entered into a certain village: and a certain woman named Martha received him into her house. And she had a sister called Mary, which also sat at Jesus’ feet, and heard his word. But Martha was cumbered about much serving, and came to him, and said, Lord, dost thou not care that my sister hath left me to serve alone? bid her therefore that she help me. And Jesus answered and said unto her, Martha, Martha, thou art careful and troubled about many things: But one thing is needful: and Mary hath chosen that good part, which shall not be taken away from her.” (Luke 10:38-42).

The photo below shows the Nidaros Cathedral’s western wall with the sculptures of numerous saints in it.


Photo by Jørn Adde © Trondheim kommune

Solsiden - The Sun Side

Photo by Jørn Adde © Trondheim kommune

East of the river in Trondheim close to the sea side once was located a shipyard. Established in 1872 steamers used to be produced here, later motor ships. Production was ended in 1983. Today the area, called Nedre elvehavn, “Lower river harbour”, is transformed into both a company site and a living area, but many of the old buildings from the times of the shipyard, called Trondheim Mekaniske Verksted, still stands. A shopping center called Solsiden, “The sun side”, is located here today, and outside the shopping center a number of cafes and restaurants are lying side by side receiving the midday and afternoon sun. The photo above is from Solsiden, the shopping center on the inside of the old buildings to the right.

Walking along Solsiden, seeing the café life and remembering the shopping taking place inside the building, we are reminded of the division God given between our stomach and our brain, in this case between hunger and thirst on the one side and worrying about wearing on the other. And in our wealth we a reminded of these words of Christ condemning mammon: “Therefore I say unto you, Take no thought for your life, what ye shall eat, or what ye shall drink; nor yet for your body, what ye shall put on. Is not the life more than meat, and the body than raiment? Behold the fowls of the air: for they sow not, neither do they reap, nor gather into barns; yet your heavenly Father feedeth them. Are ye not much better than they? Which of you by taking thought can add one cubit unto his stature? And why take ye thought for raiment? Consider the lilies of the field, how they grow; they toil not, neither do they spin: And yet I say unto you, That even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these. Wherefore, if God so clothe the grass of the field, which to day is, and to morrow is cast into the oven, shall he not much more clothe you, O ye of little faith? Therefore take no thought, saying, What shall we eat? or, What shall we drink? or, Wherewithal shall we be clothed? (For after all these things do the Gentiles seek:) for your heavenly Father knoweth that ye have need of all these things. But seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness; and all these things shall be added unto you. Take therefore no thought for the morrow: for the morrow shall take thought for the things of itself. Sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof.” (Matthew, 6:25-34).

Sufficient unto the day is the daily worrying.

The royal streets

Click on the map to see a larger picture.

The longest street in Trondheim city is called ”The King’s street”, in Norwegian Kongens gate. It goes west-east and begins in west at Skansen, in English “The defence line”, from where one in the old times controlled the entrance into the city and the entrance into the channel from the west. “The King’s street” goes into the city, it crosses the town square, and it ends up by the parallel street to Nidelva east in the city. In the inner city north of and next to “The King’s Street”, and parallel to it, “The Queen’s street”, in Norwegian Dronningens gate, goes. Both “The King’s street” and “The Queen’s street” crosses the main traffic street entering the city from the south, this street, after passing Nidelva on it’s way to the city, called “The Prince’s street”, in Norwegian Prinsens gate. The special crossing of “The King’s street” and “The Prince’s street” is called “The Prince’s cross”, in Norwegian Prinsenkrysset, and this road cross is maybe the most trafficked junction in the city. By the streets named and united in this way we are reminded of the special position the son has, his street being the main traffic street from the south to the north, and especially the special position of the mother’s eldest son, being his mother’s hope and his father’s faith. We are reminded of Jesus Christ being both The Son of The Father, working in His name, and The Son of Man, justifying man – justifying her.

“The Prince’s Cross”, where the main traffic streets meet, where the “The King’s street” and the “The Prince’s Street” cross each other, reminds us of the cross of Christ, vitalizing and glorifying us by letting the cross be our example. God’s faith and mans hope was crucified, is crucified daily being truth, being love, and lives by God The Almighty as Jesus was three days and three nights in the inner of the earth before He rose again. Until our days “The Prince’s cross” has been special to people in Norway. A derision of faith was the Gestapo headquarters set up in “The Prince’s cross”, in the locales of the Missionary Hotel, during World War II and the torture of Norwegian patriots finding place here.

Today, by law, the son’s special role is not enacted in Norway. Even the throne today is inherited by the eldest child, not son. In this way Jesus Christ is argued being incidental.

Today the Crown regalia are to be found in Trondheim, in the Nidaros Cathedral. Among other subjects we will here find the spear and the sword of the King. But we will also find a special crown meant for the crown prince, called “Arvefyrstekronen”. I am sorry to say [See my explanation in Norwegian of the Crown regalia ‘’here’’].


Photo: Trondheim kommune

The churches

The Nidaros Cathedral also counted there are in Trondheim twenty churches owned by the national Church. Together with the cathedral there are three churches in the inner city, in the area surrounded by the river Nidelva: Two in the entrance to the city in the west and one in the centre. The one in the centre is called “The Church of Our Lady”, in Norwegian Vår Frues kirke. None of these three churches in the city have today their own church yard.

By seeing the Nidaros Cathedral as special compared to the other churches we are reminded of our belongingness to mankind as in two ways, one being culturally to the people, the other one being personally to our own mother – to the woman. The division of the two types of churches in Trondheim reflects the division in local communities between the local church and the mother of the family. The church mirrors the woman. In that respect we, as men, are reminded of belongingness to mankind as being both to our brothers and to our mother, the cathedral in Trondheim reminding us of acting as a son in the name of Our Father and the other churches reminding us of acting out our mother’s ambition by God given her by her marriage.

“The Church of Our Lady”, pictured in the post describing the streets “Northern” and “Southern”, situated where “The King’s street” and the “Northern” meets, is one of the oldest buildings in Trondheim, set up more than 800 years ago. The tower is much newer, though, and the western part with it, dating from the 17th and 18th century. It is said that the church in the Middle Ages was called “The Younger Maria church”, “the older” situated by the cathedral. Unfortunately the church has been ravaged by fire many times.

Coincidental it was not, we understand, Jesus was born of a virgin. Jesus himself did not let us understand Him to be a motive of Maria: “While he yet talked to the people, behold, his mother and his brethren stood without, desiring to speak with him. Then one said unto him, Behold, thy mother and thy brethren stand without, desiring to speak with thee. But he answered and said unto him that told him, Who is my mother? and who are my brethren? And he stretched forth his hand toward his disciples, and said, Behold my mother and my brethren! For whosoever shall do the will of my Father which is in heaven, the same is my brother, and sister, and mother.” (Matthew, 12:46-50). We ourselves by the churches are reminded of the fact our mother is part of the community. But Jesus was special – was God. John The Baptist said about Jesus: “He that cometh from above is above all: he that is of the earth is earthly, and speaketh of the earth: he that cometh from heaven is above all. And what he hath seen and heard, that he testifieth; and no man receiveth his testimony.” (John, 3:31-32). And Jesus said about Himself: “And he said unto them, Ye are from beneath; I am from above: ye are of this world; I am not of this world. I said therefore unto you, that ye shall die in your sins: for if ye believe not that I am he, ye shall die in your sins.” (John 8:23-24). In relation to God The Father mother to Jesus was man as such.

The Trondheimsfjord

Photo by Jørn Adde © Trondheim kommune

This photo is from The Channel. Trondheim is located by Trondheimsfjorden, a fjord stretching 130 km east- and northwards from the Norwegian Sea, part of the North Atlantic Ocean. One says there are more fish species in the Trondheimsfjord than in any other Norwegian fjord.

By the fjord we are reminded of the fact water on earth are to be found gathered in three different ways; by the ocean, by the sea, and by the lakes. And so we are reminded of the creation, in which God made a distinction on earth in these three ways to appear, by appearing as grass, as herbs, and as the fruit tree, and likewise in three different ways to behave sensible, by the creep, by the live stock, and by the wild animals, as told us in The Story of The Creation. The distinction is worth reflecting upon as Jesus told us mercy is what God wants, not sacrifice. And so appearing as fruit trees and behaving like wild animals is what The Lord expects us to do. Independence is not a value but by God demanded.

Water to earth is love. But only by clean water as found in the inland waters pure love is recognized. The fjord, though, symbolize a being to have expectations to: The fjord is about to be independent and sovereign, it seems. By the fjord love is about to be determined.

Speaking of marriage Jesus said: ”But he said unto them, All men cannot receive this saying, save they to whom it is given. For there are some eunuchs, which were so born from their mother's womb: and there are some eunuchs, which were made eunuchs of men: and there be eunuchs, which have made themselves eunuchs for the kingdom of heaven's sake. He that is able to receive it, let him receive it.” (Matthew, 19:11-12) We will restrict our selves, bind desire, on three different grounds. But only one of these is love given. Mercy is what The Lord wants, not sacrifice.

The Trondheimsfjorden is not exactly about to be a lake. Nevertheless it will remind us of the distinction. A stroll along the beach in the evening fall, the sun sinking as if in the source of the fjord in the east, and the smell of seaweed tempting nostrils, is anyhow lovely.

The meaning of Trondheim

According to lexicons the name of Trondheim means “the home of Trond”, “Trond” being a certain man’s name. The origin of “Trond” is said to be Old Norwegian ‘þróndr or þrándr’, the name meaning “man from Trøndelag”, the wider county or wide district of Trondheim, the man in Norwegian sense being a “trønder”. “Trond” is though obviously related to ‘tro’ (faith). ‘Tro’ (faith) in Old Norwegian was ‘trú’, the word told to be related to “being safe, being relieved”. Seeing that the certain man’s name “Trond” originates from ‘tro’, from “faith”, we understand “Home of faith” is the meaning of “Trondheim”.

Also the word ‘trone’ (throne) seems to be related to ‘tro’ (faith), and by the meaning of words this makes sense: By Christian faith alone one is a real king. But the word ‘trone’ (throne) is said to come via Latin from Greek ‘thronos’ meaning “a high seat”, and not from Old Norwegian.

The photo below is of university students at the Dragvold campus.


Photo by Jørn Adde © Trondheim kommune

Welcome to Trondheim

Photo by Jørn Adde © Trondheim kommune

The photo is from the outskirts of Bymarka.

Both east and west of the city centre of Trondheim and near to it large recreational areas are to be found. West of the city centre one will find Bymarka, an area of 80 km² of forests and of hills stretching as high as 565 metres above the sea level, with more than 200 km of walking tracks and quite a few serving places, that is old huts or farms in which warm and cold drinks and waffles are served especially in the week ends. To go for a walk in Bymarka, to enjoy the quietness and life of the forest and the hills and to collect berries and mushrooms, is splendid recreation. In wintertime cross country skiing is very popular. Birds of many kinds will accompany you. And one may look for wild animals. The most common creatures in Bymarka are moose, red fox, hare and squirrel, but here are also healthy populations of roe deer, beaver, badger, and one may also find some otters. Bears are not to be found, of course. But a wolverine was reported living in Bymarka in 2006. Near no one caught eye of her, I believe, and wolfs in Norway one will not usually find in the neighbourhood of a city. I believe wolfs in Norway are all counted.

So in Trondheim we have both the sea side life, with bathing, sun bathing and boat life, and we have the high hill nature in which we can use our powers by walking and by collecting in the nature. Recreation can both be typical consummation and typical communication with God by His creation. What of the two Paradise is like only God knows. Either or we in Trondheim have Paradise just outside the city.